بحث حول مشكلة التلوث ياللغة الانجليزية
مقدمة
مقدمة
Introduction
We all create pollution therefore everyone can make a difference to reduce pollution. Although it may seem like it is difficult to stop pollution, there are lots of things that can be done every day to reduce or eliminate pollution altogether
?What is Pollution
ما هو التلوث؟
,Every day we pour or release harmful substances such as poisonous gases
chemicals and garbage into our environment. These harmful substances that
end up damaging the environment, are called pollution. Most pollution
comes from factories and transportation but as you will see we all
.contribute to it in many different ways
end up damaging the environment, are called pollution. Most pollution
comes from factories and transportation but as you will see we all
.contribute to it in many different ways
<img alt="" style="cursor
ointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
All pollution is waste. Waste is unwanted or discarded material and when
it is released into the environment it becomes pollution. When most
people think of waste they think of garbage or trash that is littered all
over the land. This type of waste is the one that most people are
familiar with and it is commonly called solid waste. But solid waste
pollution is not the only type of pollution out there. Can you think of
?other types
people think of waste they think of garbage or trash that is littered all
over the land. This type of waste is the one that most people are
familiar with and it is commonly called solid waste. But solid waste
pollution is not the only type of pollution out there. Can you think of
?other types
In addition to solid waste there is air pollution, water pollution, soil
pollution and even noise pollution. As you will see, if not handled
properly, pollution can and has contaminated our air, water, soil and
.land
properly, pollution can and has contaminated our air, water, soil and
.land
Air Pollution
تلوث الهواء
Every living creature relies on clean air to survive. Air is made up of a
mixture of gases, mainly oxygen and nitrogen, with small amounts of
carbon dioxide plus water. Air has no colour or smell, except when it is
polluted. Dirty air can affect the health of humans, animals, plants and
can even damage buildings. Industry and transportation produce most of
the air pollution, releasing millions of tons of harmful substances into
.the environment each year
carbon dioxide plus water. Air has no colour or smell, except when it is
polluted. Dirty air can affect the health of humans, animals, plants and
can even damage buildings. Industry and transportation produce most of
the air pollution, releasing millions of tons of harmful substances into
.the environment each year
<img alt="" style="cursorointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
The burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is the source of or generates
most of the world’s energy. Unfortunately it also generates most of the
world’s air pollution. That is because when we burn the fossil fuels to
produce energy we end up releasing waste in the form of toxic gases.
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides are
some of the most dangerous gases produced during the burning of fossil
.fuels
world’s air pollution. That is because when we burn the fossil fuels to
produce energy we end up releasing waste in the form of toxic gases.
Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxides are
some of the most dangerous gases produced during the burning of fossil
.fuels
Carbon dioxide gases play a big role in the greenhouse effect by trapping
heat rather than allowing it to escape into space. It is not just what is
released into the air that causes problems; it is also how individual
,pollutants interact with each other, water and/or sunlight. For example
sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are both dangerous when they combine
.with other substances to create problems such as smog and acid rain
released into the air that causes problems; it is also how individual
,pollutants interact with each other, water and/or sunlight. For example
sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are both dangerous when they combine
.with other substances to create problems such as smog and acid rain
.Gases are not the only air pollutants that we should be concerned about
Tiny bits of dust, ****l, soot and other materials also find their way
into the atmosphere from manufacturing plants, construction sites, wood
burning stoves and cars. These small particles reduce the quality of the
.air that we breathe
into the atmosphere from manufacturing plants, construction sites, wood
burning stoves and cars. These small particles reduce the quality of the
.air that we breathe
<img alt="" style="cursorointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
Also, sometimes rain contains chemicals called acids that can harm the
,environment including plants and animals living on land and in the water
as well as damage buildings and other manmade structures such as
monuments, roads and vehicles. Acids cause so much harm because they can
burn into materials. Acid rain forms when sulphur dioxide and nitrogen
dioxide (produced by burning fuels) are released into the air. These two
gases mix with water to form a weak acid which falls as rain. The gases
that cause acid rain are released by power plants, factories and
transportation. Acid rain falls to the ground and is taken up by tree
roots, eventually causing the trees to die. The acid rain will also
.affect the plants and animals living in rivers and lakes
as well as damage buildings and other manmade structures such as
monuments, roads and vehicles. Acids cause so much harm because they can
burn into materials. Acid rain forms when sulphur dioxide and nitrogen
dioxide (produced by burning fuels) are released into the air. These two
gases mix with water to form a weak acid which falls as rain. The gases
that cause acid rain are released by power plants, factories and
transportation. Acid rain falls to the ground and is taken up by tree
roots, eventually causing the trees to die. The acid rain will also
.affect the plants and animals living in rivers and lakes
Water Pollution
تلوث المياه
In addition to clean air, all animals and plants need a clean water
supply in order to survive. You may think that we have lots of water but
only a small amount of it is freshwater that we can use and we are
.polluting our water in the same way we are polluting our air
only a small amount of it is freshwater that we can use and we are
.polluting our water in the same way we are polluting our air
When harmful substances such as oil and chemical wastes enter the
waterways either through accidents or through being intentionally dumped,
they are soon carried away by tides or the flow of the river and are
extremely difficult to remove. As a river makes it’s way to the ocean, a
number of different chemicals can enter its waters. Harmful chemicals can
enter our rivers and lakes from any number of sources. For example they
can seep out of dumpsites or pesticides and fertilizers may drain from
farmlands or they may find their way into sewage that is pumped from
local towns and cities
they are soon carried away by tides or the flow of the river and are
extremely difficult to remove. As a river makes it’s way to the ocean, a
number of different chemicals can enter its waters. Harmful chemicals can
enter our rivers and lakes from any number of sources. For example they
can seep out of dumpsites or pesticides and fertilizers may drain from
farmlands or they may find their way into sewage that is pumped from
local towns and cities
<img alt="" style="cursorointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
One of the most damaging forms of water pollution is from oil. Oil spills
from ships and oil tankers at sea cause devastating water pollution and
harm wildlife. These events receive lots of attention on television and
from environmental groups, however these spills only represent a small
.percentage of the total amount of oil that contaminates our water
,Tankers dump oil into oceans as part of their routine cleaning
refineries pump oily wastewater into surface water and oil from city
.streets are washed into storm drains that eventually enter our waterways
harm wildlife. These events receive lots of attention on television and
from environmental groups, however these spills only represent a small
.percentage of the total amount of oil that contaminates our water
,Tankers dump oil into oceans as part of their routine cleaning
refineries pump oily wastewater into surface water and oil from city
.streets are washed into storm drains that eventually enter our waterways
When people rinse materials down the drain, flush their toilets or do a
load of wash, the wastewater usually goes to sewage treatment plants to
be purified. These plants will then remove dirt, biodegradable materials
such as food waste and a number of other pollutants before the water
reaches our waterways. However, most treatment plants can’t remove all of
the chemicals that are used in products such as paint thinners or
phosphates that are used in many detergents and these substances end up
passing right through the sewage treatment plant untreated. Other sources
of water pollution include the dirt and litter from the streets that are
washed into storm drains. In most areas these storm drains empty into
,underground pipes that will eventually dump directly into our lakes
.rivers and oceans
be purified. These plants will then remove dirt, biodegradable materials
such as food waste and a number of other pollutants before the water
reaches our waterways. However, most treatment plants can’t remove all of
the chemicals that are used in products such as paint thinners or
phosphates that are used in many detergents and these substances end up
passing right through the sewage treatment plant untreated. Other sources
of water pollution include the dirt and litter from the streets that are
washed into storm drains. In most areas these storm drains empty into
,underground pipes that will eventually dump directly into our lakes
.rivers and oceans
Land/Soil Pollution
تلوث التربه
Disposing of acids, pesticides, chemicals, radioactive waste, sewage
sludge and other types of hazardous waste on our lands has become one of
the most dangerous pollution and waste problem. Most of this hazardous
waste is sent to landfill sites or burned in incinerators which in turn
create toxic runoff and air pollution. In the past this hazardous waste
has also been buried deep underground. However, because of poor storage
methods older landfills and underground storage sites may end up leaking
.hazardous materials into surrounding soils and sometimes groundwater
This results in contaminated lands that pose a threat to people living in
.the area as well as to wildlife and the environment
the most dangerous pollution and waste problem. Most of this hazardous
waste is sent to landfill sites or burned in incinerators which in turn
create toxic runoff and air pollution. In the past this hazardous waste
has also been buried deep underground. However, because of poor storage
methods older landfills and underground storage sites may end up leaking
.hazardous materials into surrounding soils and sometimes groundwater
This results in contaminated lands that pose a threat to people living in
.the area as well as to wildlife and the environment
<img alt="" style="cursorointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
Not only should we be concerned about the leaking of these wastes but we
should also be concerned about the amount of waste that is being disposed
of in these landfill sites. Per person, Canadians throw away more garbage
than any other country. The more garbage we produce the more resources
and space we will need to dispose of it. This is a problem because we are
running out of places to locate landfill sites. Nobody wants to live next
to a dumpsite but what do we do with all that garbage? We can learn to
.reduce the amount of garbage that we create
of in these landfill sites. Per person, Canadians throw away more garbage
than any other country. The more garbage we produce the more resources
and space we will need to dispose of it. This is a problem because we are
running out of places to locate landfill sites. Nobody wants to live next
to a dumpsite but what do we do with all that garbage? We can learn to
.reduce the amount of garbage that we create
Even more disturbing is what we are actually throwing out and sending to
these dumpsites. There is more paper than any other material found in
landfills. Over 38% of all materials a landfill is paper. The next
highest is ****l, glass and plastics at 34%. Finally, about 15% of the
material disposed of in dumps are food and yard waste. All of these
materials can and should be kept out of our landfills. If you add up all
these numbers, over 87% of what makes up a landfill site could have been
recycled, reused or composted. But instead we are polluting our land by
throwing them away as garbage and using up our natural resources
.(unnecessarily (i.e. cutting down more trees to make more paper
landfills. Over 38% of all materials a landfill is paper. The next
highest is ****l, glass and plastics at 34%. Finally, about 15% of the
material disposed of in dumps are food and yard waste. All of these
materials can and should be kept out of our landfills. If you add up all
these numbers, over 87% of what makes up a landfill site could have been
recycled, reused or composted. But instead we are polluting our land by
throwing them away as garbage and using up our natural resources
.(unnecessarily (i.e. cutting down more trees to make more paper
Noise Pollution
التلوث الضوضائي
التلوث الضوضائي
<img alt="" style="cursorointer;" border="0">
ointer;" border="0">
Modern towns and cities are noisy. Within these cities there is a
.constant rumble from cars, trucks, buses, machines, alarms and sirens
Even loud music is a form of noise pollution. Some communities are also
.located in noisy areas such as airports or near a train track/station
.Other people have to work in noisy factories
When these vehicles, horns, radios, heavy machinery, make loud and
continuing sounds they are producing noise pollution. We don’t think of
noise as being able to hurt us but it does. Noise can cause damage to our
hearing and lead to other health problems, especially if you are exposed
.to loud noises for long periods of time
?Who Creates Pollution
من يسبب التلوث؟
?Who do you think creates all these different types of pollution
Pollution is created by industries, offices, schools, farms, cars, and
.even our homes
There are many things in our daily lives that we use to make our lives
easier, safer and more comfortable – however these things also create
وpollution and waste that are bad for the environment. Cars, fast food
وnewspapers, air conditioning, household appliances (i.e. microwaves
hairdryers) and many other items all result in pollution. Pollution not
only happens in your home but also on your street. Garbage spills from
.garbage cans and exhaust fumes from cars, trucks, buses